Project Report

Service Specification:

Overflowing garbage bins have been another cause of concern for residents in developing countries. With increase in population, the scenario of cleanliness with respect to garbage management is degrading tremendously. With the already prevailing diseases, the open containers are proving to be a breeding place for germs. Traditionally, municipalities operate on weekly routes to pick up trash and recyclables on designated days, regardless of whether the containers are full or not.

Essentially, this project is about collecting the most amount of materials in the least amount of time to reduce costs and emissions along the way. Furthermore, this project is supposed to work with any type of container and any type of waste, including mixed materials, paper, glass, metals and fluids. Thus, there will be saving in fossil fuel due to optimized route for collecting garbage and also thus transportation cost.

This project IOT Garbage Monitoring system is a very innovative system which will help to keep the home and cities clean. This system monitors the garbage bins and informs about the level of garbage collected in the bins via spread sheets, web page, mobile apps etc. For this the system uses ultrasonic sensors placed over the bins to detect the garbage level and compare it with the garbage bins depth.

Functional View Specification:

Functional Groups(FG) included in a Functional View include:

1. Device:The Device FG contains devices for monitoring and control. In this project, the device FG       includes:

• ESP8266 Node MCU (Wifi Module)
• Ultrasonic Sensor (to measure depth/distance)
• Nokia 5110 LCD Display

2. Communication: The Communication FG includes the communication protocols that form the backbone of IOT system and enable network connectivity. Here it includes - 802.11 (link layer), IPv4/IPv6 (network layer), TCP (transport layer), and HTTP (application layer).

3. Services: The service FG includes various services involved in the IOT system such as services for device monitoring, device control services, data publishing services and services for device discovery.

4. Management: The management FG includes all functionalities that are needed to configure and manage the IOT system.

5. Security: The security FG includes security mechanisms for the IOT system such as authentication, authorization, data security, etc.

6. Application: The application FG includes applications that provides an interface to users to control and monitor various aspects of the IOT system. Applications also allow users to view the system status and processed data.

In order to achieve the above service specifications, the following are the requirements to be fulfilled,

• Need to calculate the depth of the bin from the top, to know how much percentage the bin has been filled.
• On time basis collect the depth value and convert into percentage upto 75%.
• To find the depth we need to connect a distance measuring sensor called Ultrasonic Sensor at the top of bin.
• Build the specified circuit diagram which connects HC-SR04 sensor and Raspberry Pi 2.
• Implement the Python code to get the expected results.

Operational View Specification:

In operational view specification, various options pertaining to IOT system deployment and operation are defined, such as, service hosting options, storage options, device options, application hosting options, etc.

We can map the functional groups to operational view specifications for the smart trash IOT system as follows;

• Devices: Computing Device (ESP8266 Node MCU WiFi Module), Ultrasonic Sensor(to measure distance/depth), LCD Display(Nokia 5110).
• Communication APIs: Internet (HTTP and REST APIs).
• Communication Protocols: link layer - 802.11, network layer - IPv4/IPv6, transport layer - TCP, and application layer - HTTP.
• Services:

• Controller Service: Arduio IDE, implemented in c and cpp, and runs as a native service.
• Mode Service: Temboo (HTTP) Application controlled through arduino programming with WiFi (Internet) as service.
• State Service: Temboo (HTTP) Application controlled through arduino programming with WiFi (Internet) as service.

• Application:

• Web Application: Temboo Web Application
• Application Server: Temboo App Server
• Database: Google SpreadSheet

• Security: Authentication and Authorization - Temboo Web App, Database
• Management:  

• Application Management: Temboo Web Application Management.
• Database Management: Google Spreadsheet database management.
• Device Management: Arduino - ESP8266 Node MCU WiFi Module device management. 

Device & Component Integration:

In Device & Component Integration design methodology describes the integration of the devices and components. In this smart trash IOT project the devices and components used are, Arduino ESP8266 Node MCU WiFi module, Ultrasonic sensor and Nokia 5110 LCD display.

Integration of Node MCU and Ultrasonic Sensor:

Integration of Node MCU and Nokia 5110 LCD:

Arduino Programming for Smart Trash:

Get original code from the below github link:

https://github.com/KrishnaKumariPalem/IoT-FinaProject-SmartTrash

Project Poster:

                                      

Project Results:

visit: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzZv2I8-uBQ

  

References:

• http://www.14core.com/how-to-wire-pcd8544-5110-cmos-84x84-lcd-display-on-arduino/
• http://www.14core.com/wiring-esp8266-nodemcu-with-hcsr04-ultrasonic-sensor/
• http://howtomechatronics.com/tutorials/arduino/ultrasonic-sensor-hc-sr04/
• http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/PCD8544
• https://temboo.com/library/Library/Twilio/SMSMessages/SendSMS/
• https://temboo.com/arduino/others/update-google-spreadsheet
• http://www.modmypi.com/blog/hc-sr04-ultrasonic-range-sensor-on-the-raspberry-pi
• http://www.bytecreation.com/blog/2013/10/13/raspberry-pi-ultrasonic-sensor-hc-sr04
• http://nevonprojects.com/iot-garbage-monitoring-system/
• https://www.hackster.io/alpha007/smart-trash-can-iot-system-0f9160
• https://books.google.com/books?id=JPKGBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109&dq=operational+view+Specification&source=bl&ots=8_DG_bZIVl&sig=SsFPZEHLgt3gEkycXQ5hF0C6Aqs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjk4Mu5mKrMAhXMdj4KHYefDWwQ6AEIPDAE#v=onepage&q=operational%20view%20Specification&f=false